Softrock_40_R Quadrature Sampling Detector
Band: 20m

Introduction

General Info About the Stage

This is the final stage before hooking up the antenna and stereo audio cables and running the "smoke test".

Theory of Operation

The Quadrature Sampling Detector (QSD) or "mixer" acts like two traditional direct conversion mixers operating in tandem. Each takes in half of the filtered RF from the bandpass filter stage and one of the quadrature center frequency signals, then "mixes"/down-converts them to an output being the traditional mixer products, in this case, two (infra) audio frequency signals that represent the difference between the two inputs (RF and Local Oscillator). These two signals are referred to as the detected I (in-phase) and Q (Quadrature) signals and are fed into the high gain Op-Amps stage for amplification and delivery to the audio outputs (and, thence, to the PC's sound card).

Stage Schematic

qsd stage schematic

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Board Layouts

Board Top

qsd stage topside
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Board Bottom

qsd stage underside
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Quadrature Sampling Detector Bill of Materials
( 20m band option)

(details for installation of each component are provided in the step instructions, further down the page)

CheckTypeCategory ComponentCountMarkingImage
Capacitor SMT 1206 0.047uF 5% 2 in bag 0.047uF  5%
IC SOIC-16 FST3253 mux/demux switch 1 FST3253 ESD!!! FST3253 mux/demux switch
Resistor SMT 1206 1/4W 10 ohm 1% 1/4W 2 10R0 10 ohm 1% 1/4W

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Detailed Build Steps

Install Underside Components

CheckDesignation Component top/BottomMarkingImage Band
U02 FST3253 mux/demux switch ((bottom)) FST3253 ESD!!! FST3253 mux/demux switch any
Take extreme care working with this component. Always use ESD precautions.
C12 0.047uF 5% ((bottom)) in bag 0.047uF  5% any
C11 0.047uF 5% ((bottom)) in bag 0.047uF  5% any

Install Topside Components

CheckDesignation Component top/BottomMarkingImage Band
R13 10 ohm 1% 1/4W (top) 10R0 10 ohm 1% 1/4W any
R12 10 ohm 1% 1/4W (top) 10R0 10 ohm 1% 1/4W any

Completed Photos

Note: the completed pictures are of the 20m option, which the author built. Other band options (which the author did not build) will appear slightly different (especially the inductors, whose windings and cores will vary by band) for the band-specific components.

View of Completed Topside

qsd stage completed topside

View of Completed Underside

qsd stage completed underside
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Testing

Overview

Before doing any testing, use a bright light and good magnification to verify correct soldering. Soldering problems are the greatest cause of test failures. Pay particular attention to U2.

USB Rail Integrity Test

Before powering up, check the resistance across the 5V USB connections (pins 1 (5V) and 4 (gnd) of J1). If you get something very close to zero, you may have introduced a short and the possibility of "frying" your PC's USB Power Bus.

Voltage Tests - U2 Pins

When measuring pin voltages on U2, test the voltage on BOTH the pin and the pad. This will drive out any cases where the pad has the requisite voltage, but a bad solder joint causes the pin not to have the same voltage.

Test Table

Apply USB power and measure the voltages at the following test points/pin numbers shown in the figure below:

QSD Voltage Tests

Note: pins 4,5,10, and 13 are omitted in the table below:

SeqTest PointUnitsNominal
Value
Author's
Value
Your
Value
1 ☐ U2 - Pin 1 Vdc 0 0 ___________
2 ☐ U2 - Pin 2 Vdc 2.15 2.05 ___________
3 ☐ U2 - Pin 3 Vdc 2.15 2.07 ___________
4 ☐ U2 - Pin 6 Vdc 2.15 2.07 ___________
5 ☐ U2 - Pin 7 Vdc 2.15 2.07 ___________
6 ☐ U2 - Pin 8 Vdc 0 0 ___________
7 ☐ U2 - Pin 9 Vdc 2.15 2.07 ___________
8 ☐ U2 - Pin 11 Vdc 2.15 2.07 ___________
9 ☐ U2 - Pin 12 Vdc 2.15 2.07 ___________
10 ☐ U2 - Pin 14 Vdc 2.15 2.05 ___________
11 ☐ U2 - Pin 15 Vdc 0 0 ___________
12 ☐ U2 - Pin 16 Vdc 4.3 4.13 ___________

Next, the External Connections and Smoke Test